Charles



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Letters Patent No. 60,890, cZLctccZ'Jmumry 1, I867.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. HERMANCE, of Albany, in the county of Albany, and State of New York, have invcnteda new and improved Processof Making Hard Soap and I do hereby declare the following to be such a full, clear, and exact description of the same as will enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention.

In order to make the soap by my process, to every one hundred pounds of tallowI take twonty five pounds of rosin, fifteen pounds of palm oil, ten pounds of cocoa-nut oil, fifteen pounds of borax, and seventy-five pounds:

of caustic soda lyc at 20 I first put the tallow, rosin, and oils together in a kettle, thoroughly mix and combine them, and melt them by applying heat to the kettle, either directly by the agency of fire or by surrounding the kettle with a steam-jacket. As soon as this is entirely accomplished I add to the mixture fifty pounds of the caustic soda lye, prepared as above mentioned, and then raise the temperature in the kettle to 140 F., at which height it should be left for two hours. At the expiration of that time I add the remaining twenty-five pounds of lye, and then boil the mass until it is completely saponified. As evaporation takes place rapidly during the continuance of this process, great care should be taken to stir the mixture often, to prevent the possibility of its burning. In order to ascertain Whether the mass has become saponified part of it may be brought in contact with a cold substance. If complete saponification has taken place the soap will in this position almost instantly congeal. When the soap has reached this stage it should be dipped out into frames, and at the same time, while it is yet in a liquid state, the fifteen poulids of'borax above mentioned, previously dissolved in four gallons of boiling water, should be added. The Whole mass should then be stirred together, until the congealing renders the operation ditiicult.

Having described my new and improved process for the manufacture of soap, What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Combining and saponifying the tallow, rosin, and oils herein specified by the process and in the proportions stated 2. The combination of borate of soda with the saponified tallow, rosin, and oils in the proportions stated, and in the manner set forth. I

In testimony whereof I have sign-ed my name to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

' CHAS. W. HERMANCE. Witnesses:

H. K. LANsIN'e, FRANK L. WANDS. 

